Dry Mouth
Dry mouth, what is it?
Dry mouth is sometimes called xerostomia. It is abnormal dryness of the mucous membranes in the mouth, due to a reduction of the flow or change in the composition of saliva.
What are the causes of a dry mouth?
A dry mouth is not a diagnosis in itself. It is a symptom, and there are various causes, which include:
- Medication
- Radiotherapy
- Breathing through the mouth
- Anxiety
- Dehydration
- Sjögren's Syndrome - a condition which can affect various parts of the body, including the joints (which can cause arthritis), the salivary glands (which can cause a dry mouth) and the tear glands (which can cause dry eyes).
What are the treatments for a dry mouth?
If possible you should seek advice and treat the cause of the dry mouth. For example dehydration can often be treated.
There are also some practical actions which can help whatever the cause may be:
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Sip cold water or sugar-free fizzy drinks to help keep the mouth moist
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Suck sugar-free sweets or chew sugar-free gum to help encourage saliva production. Pineapple chunks, partly frozen melon, and ice cubes may also be useful. However, some people may find these uncomfortable to use
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Keep the mouth clean by brushing after every meal and using mouthwash - avoid mouthwashes containing detergents or alcohol as they can dry and irritate the lining of the mouth
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Cut down or avoid substances which can dry the mouth, such as alcohol, caffeine and smoking
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Ask your doctor about your medication - some prescribed medication can cause a dry mouth
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Your doctor may also be able to prescribe artificial saliva or saliva stimulants